2019版的ASME BPVC的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已經(jīng)發(fā)布二個(gè)月了，距離強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行也只剩下四個(gè)月時(shí)間了。2019版的ASME Ⅷ-2篇在第二章中增加了一個(gè)新的附錄2-J,規(guī)定了認(rèn)證工程師（Certifying Engineer）和設(shè)計(jì)師（Desiner）的資格要求。
認(rèn)證工程師是一個(gè)新的概念，但屬于新瓶裝老酒！這個(gè)就是RPE的延伸，相關(guān)內(nèi)容是規(guī)范RPE接活的及考證的要求。雖然規(guī)定里有亞太的但國(guó)內(nèi)還不具有可執(zhí)行性。這東西國(guó)內(nèi)基本沒(méi)人考就不做介紹了，只列一下在哪些組織可以考哈。
1）在美國(guó)的州或加拿大的省注冊(cè)的專業(yè)工程師（RPE）；
2）在國(guó)際專業(yè)工程師協(xié)議（IPEA）成員國(guó)注冊(cè)的專業(yè)工程師；
3）在亞太經(jīng)合組織（APEC）成員國(guó)注冊(cè)的專業(yè)工程師；
4）歐洲國(guó)家工程協(xié)會(huì)聯(lián)合會(huì)成員國(guó)注冊(cè)的專業(yè)工程師
總之認(rèn)證工程師就是之前的RPE,和制造廠的關(guān)系是不能看誰(shuí)便宜就找誰(shuí)了，還要讓對(duì)方證明他有相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。可能會(huì)催生出和制造廠簽長(zhǎng)期合作意向協(xié)議的RPE。
設(shè)計(jì)師的概念和制造廠關(guān)系比較大，把原文貼出再解讀一下。
a) A Designer engaged in and/or having responsible oversight for pressure vessel design shall as a minimum hold the qualification described in (1). Optionally, the Designer may also hold any of the additional qualifications described in (2) through (4).
(1) General Pressure Vessel Design. The ability to demonstrate through documentation that they have a minimum of 4 yr of experience in pressure vessel design. This qualification includes all design activity required for this Division that they engage in, or as listed in the Manufacturer’s Quality Control System, except as provided for in (2), (3), and (4).
(2) Heat Exchanger Design. The ability to demonstrate through documentation that they have a minimum of 2 yr of experience in each design Code activity for heat exchanger tubesheets (4.18), bellows expansion joints (4.19), and flexible shell element expansion joints (4.20).
(3) Numerical Analysis. The ability to demonstrate through documentation that they have a minimum of 2 yr of experience performing design calculations not specifically addressed in this Division, including numerical analysis. A Designer engaged in the performance of numerical analysis shall be able to demonstrate through documentation that they have received instruction in the use and understanding of any numerical analysis computer program(s). This documentation shall be provided to the Designer by one of the following:
(-a) the developer of the computer program (e.g., the software vendor)
(-b) a training course acceptable to or licensed by the developer
(-c) a Certifying Engineer with requisite knowledge of the computer program and qualifications to train others on its use
(4) Quick-Actuating Closures. The ability to demonstrate through documentation that they have a minimum of 2 yr of experience in design activity for quick-actuating closures (4.8).
(b) The experience requirements of (2), (3), and (4) may be acquired concurrently.
(c) The Designer’s qualification(s) remain valid if they can demonstrate through documentation design activity completed within a continuous period of 36 months for each of their qualification(s) in (1), (2), (3), or (4).
簡(jiǎn)單的翻譯一下：設(shè)計(jì)師是有資格按VIII-2卷設(shè)計(jì)壓力容器的人員。必須具有至少4年壓力容器設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并視其設(shè)計(jì)工作的要求，還需滿足至少2年換熱器設(shè)計(jì)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、至少2年數(shù)值分析的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、以及至少2年快開(kāi)門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這段話有些人居然能理解成所有的都要滿足。你們都不做換熱器，要求你有換熱器設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)干嘛！你們都不做快開(kāi)門(mén)的設(shè)備，要求你有快開(kāi)門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)干球！無(wú)論是中文還是英文理解一段話表達(dá)的意思不是在那生搬硬套，不是在那死讀書(shū)！胡亂理解的人：語(yǔ)文是體育老師教的！還是腦袋是被驢踢過(guò)！還是被門(mén)板夾過(guò)！
梳理一下1.要做VIII-2卷設(shè)計(jì)，必須要有四年的壓力容器設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)（必須滿足項(xiàng)）。2.如果設(shè)計(jì)的是換熱器至少要有兩年的換熱器設(shè)計(jì)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)；3.如果是分析設(shè)計(jì)中的常規(guī)的分析設(shè)備，至少要有兩年分析設(shè)計(jì)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)；4.如果設(shè)計(jì)的是快開(kāi)門(mén)的設(shè)備，至少要有兩年設(shè)計(jì)快開(kāi)門(mén)設(shè)備的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。設(shè)計(jì)師的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是可以制造廠自己自我聲明的哈！除了個(gè)別單位這個(gè)也是很容易滿足的，也不需要作假，總不至于連VIII-1的設(shè)計(jì)都沒(méi)怎么干過(guò)就干VIII-2的設(shè)計(jì)了吧！
認(rèn)證工程師和設(shè)計(jì)工程師如果沒(méi)怎么干活，就要參加個(gè)培訓(xùn)等（對(duì)培訓(xùn)沒(méi)有明確形式規(guī)定，理論上簽約三方檢驗(yàn)公司幫你們普及新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)變化的培訓(xùn)時(shí)可以算在內(nèi)的。公司內(nèi)部的培訓(xùn)個(gè)人理解也可以算這個(gè)要看牛叉三方公司的規(guī)定了）搞點(diǎn)學(xué)時(shí)用學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)知識(shí)來(lái)替代實(shí)際工作中的學(xué)習(xí)和理解標(biāo)準(zhǔn)！“相關(guān)規(guī)定是認(rèn)證工程師和設(shè)計(jì)師的資格證書(shū)有效期為36個(gè)月，只要每6個(gè)月中沒(méi)有連續(xù)中斷設(shè)計(jì)工作，或有至少8個(gè)小時(shí)的設(shè)計(jì)培訓(xùn)或參加ASME技術(shù)會(huì)議，其資格可繼續(xù)維持。 ”對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)說(shuō)很容易中斷因?yàn)樵趪?guó)內(nèi)接不到那么多U2的設(shè)備！
設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告等文件簽署的問(wèn)題沒(méi)有更改和2017版實(shí)際上是一樣的，只是用認(rèn)證工程師這個(gè)新概念替換了RPE。2017版分為class 1和class 2設(shè)備的時(shí)候就已經(jīng)明確哪些需要RPE哪些不需要了。
新的附錄2-J只是要在程序文件中修改一些內(nèi)容就可以了，對(duì)實(shí)質(zhì)性的工作幾乎沒(méi)用任何影響！
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