本文闡述了化石燃料補(bǔ)貼改革（FFSR）如何有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)公正的過渡，以及在公正的過渡框架下，F(xiàn)FSR如何能夠取得更大的成功。報(bào)告探討了建立一個(gè)框架的若干原因，包括調(diào)整公平過渡和公平過渡的目標(biāo)，非常重要的是，公平過渡能夠?yàn)閷?shí)現(xiàn)公平過渡釋放收入。 根據(jù)勞工組織關(guān)于向環(huán)境可持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和人人共享的社會公正過渡的指導(dǎo)方針，向環(huán)境和社會可持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)過渡可以成為創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會、提高就業(yè)機(jī)會、社會公正和消除貧窮的強(qiáng)大動力。（國際勞工組織，2015年）。 化石燃料補(bǔ)貼違背可持續(xù)性，而改革符合公正的過渡原則。這些補(bǔ)貼還加劇了導(dǎo)致氣候變化的溫室氣體排放：“研究估計(jì)，取消對化石燃料消費(fèi)的全球化石燃料補(bǔ)貼，將導(dǎo)致到2050年全球碳排放量減少6.4%至8.2%（Merrill等人，2017年）。此外，取消全球?qū)剂仙a(chǎn)的補(bǔ)貼將節(jié)省37噸二氧化碳排放量（Gerasimchuk，Bassi，Ordonez，Doukas，梅里爾，2017）。因此，在全球范圍內(nèi)取消對化石燃料生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)的所有補(bǔ)貼，將使排放量減少約10%。 本文詳細(xì)討論了FFSR與just-transition相一致的各種方法。世界上目前化石燃料補(bǔ)貼的規(guī)模，加上過渡時(shí)期的巨大財(cái)政需求，是在考慮到過渡時(shí)期的情況下，接近自由貿(mào)易區(qū)的好處的早期指標(biāo)。利用這些浪費(fèi)的資金來支持公正的過渡，只是這些問題能夠結(jié)合在一起的眾多方式之一。
This paper articulates how fossil fuel subsidy reform (FFSR) can contribute to a just transition, and how FFSR can be more successful under a just transition framework. The report explores a number of reasons for a framework, including alignment of the objectives of FFSR and just transition and, very importantly, FFSR’s ability to unlock revenues for implementing just transition. According to the ILO Guidelines for a Just Transition Towards Environmentally Sustainable Economics and Societies for All, transitions to environmentally and socially sustainable economies can become a strong driver of job creation, job upgrading, social justice and poverty eradication. (International Labour Organization, 2015). Fossil fuel subsidies act against sustainability, while reform is consistent with just transition principles. These subsidies also exacerbate greenhouse gas emissions, which contribute to climate change: “Research estimates that the removal of global fossil fuel subsidies to fossil fuel consumption would lead to a global decrease in carbon emissions of between 6.4 and 8.2 per cent by 2050” (Merrill, et al., 2017). In addition, a removal of global subsidies to fossil fuel production would save 37 Gt of carbon dioxide emissions over the same timeline (Gerasimchuk, Bassi, Ordonez, Doukas, & Merrill, 2017). Thus, the elimination of all subsidies to fossil fuel production and consumption globally will reduce emissions by roughly 10 per cent. This paper goes into detail about the various ways in which FFSR can be consistent with just transition. The scale of current fossil fuel subsidies in the world coupled with the massive financial needs for transition are early indicators of the benefits of approaching FFSR with just transition in mind. Leveraging this misspent finance to support just transition is just one of many ways in which these issues can coalesce.
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