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中小型反應堆設計現(xiàn)狀Status of Small and Medium Sized Reactor Designs 中小型反應堆設計現(xiàn)狀Status of Small and Medium Sized Reactor Designs

中小型反應堆設計現(xiàn)狀Status of Small and Medium Sized Reactor Designs

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  • 更新時間：2021-09-25
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目前人們對開發(fā)和部署中小型反應堆的興趣反映在運行或正在開發(fā)中的中小型反應堆的數(shù)量以及正在研究的許多發(fā)電和非電力應用的創(chuàng)新概念上。根據(jù)國際原子能機構(gòu)的分類，小型反應堆是等效功率小于300兆瓦（e）的反應堆，中型反應堆是等效功率在300兆瓦（e）到700兆瓦（e）之間的反應堆。在全球范圍內(nèi)，有131臺SMR機組在25個成員國運行，容量為63GW（e）。目前，阿根廷、中國、印度、巴基斯坦、俄羅斯聯(lián)邦和斯洛伐克等6個國家正在建設13個中小制造企業(yè)。研究正在進行大約45個創(chuàng)新的SMR概念，用于發(fā)電和過程熱生產(chǎn)、脫鹽、制氫和其他應用。所有主要反應堆線，即輕水反應堆（LWRs）、重水反應堆（HWRs）、氣冷反應堆（GCR）和液態(tài)金屬冷卻反應堆（LMCR），都在開發(fā)SRM。

The ongoing interest in the development and deployment of reactors classified as small or medium sized is reflected in the number of small and medium sized reactors (SMRs) that operate or are under development and the numerous innovative concepts being investigated for electricity generation and for non-electrical applications. According to the classification adopted by the IAEA, small reactors are reactors with an equivalent electric power of less than 300 MW(e) and medium sized reactors are reactors with an equivalent electric power of between 300 MW(e) and 700 MW(e). Worldwide, 131 SMR units operate in 25 Member States, with a capacity of 63 GW(e). At present, 13 SMRs are under construction in six countries: Argentina, China, India, Pakistan, the Russian Federation and Slovakia. Research is being carried out on approximately 45 innovative SMR concepts for electricity generation and process heat production, desalination, hydrogen generation and other applications. SRMs are under development for all principal reactor lines, that is light water reactors (LWRs), heavy water reactors (HWRs), gas cooled reactors (GCRs) and liquid metal cooled reactors (LMCRs).

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