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首頁 > 資料下載 > 經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)：菲律賓化石燃料補貼和能源部門改革L(fēng)essons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippi
經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)：菲律賓化石燃料補貼和能源部門改革L(fēng)essons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippi 經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)：菲律賓化石燃料補貼和能源部門改革L(fēng)essons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippi

經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)：菲律賓化石燃料補貼和能源部門改革L(fēng)essons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippi

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  • 更新時間：2021-09-19
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菲律賓取消了大部分消費能源補貼，并在1990年代后期成功地逐步取消了價格補貼，原因是更廣泛的結(jié)構(gòu)改革，解除了對下游石油和電力部門的管制，包括取消國家石油價格穩(wěn)定基金和國家電力公司私有化。 作為一個能源凈進口國，加上2005-2014年期間能源價格居高不下，該國已利用有針對性的現(xiàn)金轉(zhuǎn)移來平穩(wěn)改革。通過三次主要審查和一次憲法審查，燃料價格自由化分別受到民主挑戰(zhàn)。盡管面臨這些挑戰(zhàn)，菲律賓還是設(shè)法改革礦物燃料補貼，發(fā)展國家社會安全網(wǎng)，并投資于可再生能源。要解決持續(xù)的電力短缺和仍有相當(dāng)一部分人口得不到電力供應(yīng)，還有許多工作要做，但其他國家正在試圖改革其能源補貼，可以吸取許多教訓(xùn)。

The Philippines has removed the majority of all consumer energy subsidies, successfully phasing out price subsidies in the late 1990s as a result of wider structural reform to deregulate both the downstream oil and electricity sectors, including the removal of the country’s Oil Price Stabilization Fund and privatization of the National Power Corporation. As a net energy importer, and with high energy prices throughout 2005–2014, the country has used targeted cash transfers to smooth reforms. The liberalization of fuel pricing has been democratically challenged on three separate occasions through major reviews and once on a constitutional basis. Despite these challenges, the Philippines has managed to reform fossil fuel subsidies, develop a national social safety net and invest in renewable energy. There is more to be done to address ongoing shortages of power and a significant portion of the population that still lacks access to electricity, but many lessons can be learned by other countries who are attempting to reform their energy subsidies.

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