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能源供應(yīng)安全ENERGY SUPPLY SECURITY 能源供應(yīng)安全ENERGY SUPPLY SECURITY

能源供應(yīng)安全ENERGY SUPPLY SECURITY

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據(jù)國際能源機(jī)構(gòu)統(tǒng)計,2011年印尼一次能源供應(yīng)總量(TPE)為2.09億噸/年,比2002年增長27%。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長以及世界第四人口大國,中國的能源消費(fèi)以每年7%左右的速度增長。國家能源政策(NEP)預(yù)測,2025年TPE將達(dá)到4億噸/年,2030年達(dá)到4.8億噸/年,2050年達(dá)到1億噸/年。從國際能源機(jī)構(gòu)的數(shù)據(jù)來看,自1999年以來,石油一直是主要的能源來源,2011年占印尼t(yī)pe的35%,而印尼的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2010年石油在tpe中的份額占到了tpe的49%。自20世紀(jì)80年代以來,天然氣也發(fā)揮了重要作用,在該國tpe中的份額一直穩(wěn)定在20%左右。作為一個成熟的產(chǎn)油國,印尼面臨著大型成熟油田的衰落和非常有限的大型新前景。印尼2013年原油產(chǎn)量為824kb/d,較2007年下降14%。據(jù)印尼政府稱,印尼的燃料需求從2008年的約100萬桶/日迅速增長到2013年的130萬桶/日,預(yù)計2020年將增至170萬桶/日。相比之下,國際能源機(jī)構(gòu)的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示,印尼2012年的石油總需求已經(jīng)達(dá)到160萬桶/日,預(yù)計2019年將超過200萬桶/日。

Indonesia’s Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) stood at 209 Mtoe in 2011 – a 27% increase from 2002 according to the IEA statistics. With a rapidly growing economy as well as the fourth most populous country in the world, the country’s energy consumption grows at around 7% per year. The National Energy Policy (NEP) forecasts that TPES will reach 400 Mtoe in 2025, 480 Mtoe in 2030 and 1,000 Mtoe in 2050. From IEA data oil has been the dominant energy source since 1999, accounting for 35% of the country’s TPES in 2011, while the Indonesian statistics show that the share of oil in the TPES represented 49% of the TPES in 2010. Natural gas has also played an important role since the 1980s. Its share in the country’s TPES has been stable at around 20%. As a mature oil producing country, Indonesia is facing decline in large mature oil fields and very limited large new prospects. Indonesia produced 824 kb/d of crude oil in 2013 - a 14% decline from 2007. According to the Indonesian government, the country’s fuel demand rapidly increased from around 1 mb/d in 2008 to 1.3 mb/d in 2013, and it is projected to increase to 1.7 mb/d in 2020. By comparison, the IEA statistics show Indonesian total oil demand has already reached 1.6 mb/d in 2012 and it is expected to exceed 2 mb/d in 2019.

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