首頁 > 資料下載 > 提高美國運(yùn)輸部門的安全和減少碳排放：生物質(zhì)煤的轉(zhuǎn)型作用Increasing Security and Reducing Carbon Emissions of the U.S. Transporta

提高美國運(yùn)輸部門的安全和減少碳排放：生物質(zhì)煤的轉(zhuǎn)型作用Increasing Security and Reducing Carbon Emissions of the U.S. Transporta

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美國空軍已經(jīng)設(shè)定了一個目標(biāo)，提供50%的CONUS（美國48歲以下）燃料。到2016年國內(nèi)合成原料的要求。這樣做的一個選項是利用煤通過氣化和費(fèi)托合成生產(chǎn)液體燃料煤制液體（CTL）工藝。此外，國防部（DoD）將要求合成燃料供應(yīng)商實施二氧化碳(CO2)排放捕獲，封存或再利用/改革。雖然CTL，當(dāng)與碳捕獲和在燃料生產(chǎn)中的封存，可以將CO2排放限制在一個大致的水平相當(dāng)于（+4%到-5%）現(xiàn)有的石油燃料供應(yīng)鏈，美國國防部希望探索通過減少排放量來進(jìn)一步改善其環(huán)境性能的方案該工廠的碳排放量低于常規(guī)石油精煉廠的碳排放量。合作社煤和生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為液體燃料（CBTL）是最近提出的一種可能的方法。完成此任務(wù)的選項。選擇使用各種工藝（包括藻類）進(jìn)行再利用/改造已提出用CTL/CBTL工藝處理CO2排放，但不在此范圍內(nèi) 報告。這一選擇將在今后的研究中加以考慮。

The Air Force has set a goal to supply fifty percent of its CONUS (lower 48 United States) fuel requirements from domestic synthetic sources by 2016. One option for doing this is the production of liquid fuels from coal via gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, a process known as coal-to-liquids (CTL). In addition, the Department of Defense (DoD) will require that providers of synthetic fuel practice carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions capture, sequestration or reuse/reform. Although CTL, when coupled with carbon capture and sequestration during fuel production, can limit CO2 emissions to a level approximately equivalent (+4% to -5%) to that of the existing petroleum-based fuel supply chain, the DoD wishes to explore options that will further improve its environmental performance by reducing the carbon footprint of the plant to be below that of a conventional petroleum refinery. The co- conversion of coal and biomass to liquid fuels (CBTL) has been recently proposed as a possible option to accomplish this. The option to use various process (including algae) for reuse/reform of CO2 emissions with CTL/CBTL process has been proposed, but is not in the scope of this report. This option will be considered in future research.

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