Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a good model for human multiple sclerosis (MS)research. However, there are some defects in the traditional models. Here, we improved the model by using the human myelin basic protein (MBP) as antigen. EAE was induced by immunization of female Wistar rats with human MBP. Compared with the traditional models, the new model was evaluated by clinical signs to pathological changes. The immune state of the model was assessed by the lymphocyte infiltrative response and levels of TNF-α,IFN-γ, IL-10. It was found that most of rats exhibited tail tone loss and hind-limb paralysis,also there were demyelination, infiltrative lymphocyte foci, "Neuronophagia" in the cortex of cerebra and the white matter of spinal cords. PBMC and spleen lymphocytes were strongly response to the stimulation of MBP and PHA. The levels of TNF-α,IFN-γ were altered with the severity of EAE. In the remitting phase, IL-10 was increased significantly. This study demonstrate that the animal model of EAE induced by human MBP bears resemblance to the features of human multiple sclerosis and promises to be a better model than ever before for the study of MS. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2004;1(5):387-391.