R. T. Rose.Stresses at Oblique Nozzle in Spherical Pressure Vessels. Proceedings of theSymposium on Pressure Vessel Research towards Better Design. 1962中測定的球殼非徑向接管開孔應(yīng)力集中系數(shù)為3.9，而徑向接管開孔經(jīng)正確補(bǔ)強(qiáng)后的應(yīng)力集中系數(shù)仍可達(dá)2~3。

另，王定標(biāo), 等.壓力容器切向開孔接管區(qū)的應(yīng)力分析設(shè)計(jì).石油機(jī)械. 2006.34(4) 中采用有限元分析計(jì)算得到的切向接管最大應(yīng)力集中系數(shù)為6.759，而正交接管的最大應(yīng)力集中系數(shù)為5.014。所以，在工程上可以忽略非徑向和徑向接管在開孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算中的區(qū)別。

ASME BPVC VIII-1-2017 最后一章 ENDNOTES 第27條明確寫道：“The opening made by a pipe or a circular nozzle, the axis of whichis not perpendicular to the vessel wall or head, may be considered anelliptical opening for design purposes.”

即，凡管子或圓形接管的軸線并非垂直于容器壁或封頭而構(gòu)成的開孔，可作為橢圓形開孔設(shè)計(jì)。并分別在開孔的長軸、短軸方向上分別進(jìn)行補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算，便可認(rèn)為能夠滿足所有方向（截面）上的補(bǔ)強(qiáng)要求。

ASME VIII-1-2010及其之前版本的非強(qiáng)制性附錄L-7.7，給出了筒體上非徑向接管的計(jì)算實(shí)例。例L-7.7分別選取與縱軸成90º的平面（開孔直徑d大于接管直徑，應(yīng)力校正系數(shù)F=0.5）、平行于殼體縱軸平面（開孔直徑等于接管直徑，F=1.0）進(jìn)行補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算。

HG/T20582-2011第6章“非徑向接管的開孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算”即上述例L-7.7的漢化版。

另ASME VIII-1-2017之ENDNOTES的第26條寫道：” The rules governing openings as given in this Division are basedon the stress intensification created by the existence of a hole in an otherwisesymmetrical section. External loadings such as those due to the thermalexpansion or unsupported weight of connecting piping have not been evaluated.These factors should be given attention in unusual designs or under conditionsof cyclic loading.”

即，若有外部載荷或其他致使存在非“對稱截面上開孔所產(chǎn)生的應(yīng)力增強(qiáng)”的情況，不能簡單運(yùn)用等面積法進(jìn)行補(bǔ)強(qiáng)。