首頁 > 資料下載 > 產(chǎn)前吸入暴露的影響甲醇對非人類靈長類和他們的嬰兒后代Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Inhaled

產(chǎn)前吸入暴露的影響甲醇對非人類靈長類和他們的嬰兒后代Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Inhaled

資料類別：
資料大?。?/li>
資料編號：
資料狀態(tài)：
更新時間：2021-10-08
下載次數(shù)：次

資料簡介

為了改善空氣質(zhì)量并減少對石油的依賴，聯(lián)邦政府，工業(yè)界和其他組織鼓勵開發(fā)替代燃料，例如甲醇來替代汽油或柴油。甲醇也是為燃料電池提供氫的候選者，燃料電池正在被開發(fā)用于多種動力源（包括汽車發(fā)動機）。在人們暴露于更高濃度的甲醇之前，需要研究此類暴露對健康的潛在影響。甲醇是一種含一個碳原子的簡單醇，天然存在于動植物中，參與人體新陳代謝。人們經(jīng)常在水果，蔬菜和發(fā)酵飲料以及含阿斯巴甜（在胃腸道中分解為甲醇）的甜味飲料和軟飲料中食用低劑量的甲醇。盡管無處不在，但如果消耗足夠的量，甲醇仍可能具有劇毒。攝入甲醇（通常以木酒精或含酒精的酒精飲料的形式）會導(dǎo)致代謝性酸中毒，失明甚至死亡。盡管人體有能力代謝人們經(jīng)常接觸的低劑量甲醇，但它不能處理高劑量，因為太多的甲醇會淹沒人體清除有毒代謝物（甲酸鹽）的能力。當(dāng)甲酸積累時，發(fā)生甲醇中毒。調(diào)節(jié)甲酸去除速率的一個因素是維生素葉酸衍生物的肝臟水平。葉酸缺乏的人（包括15％至30％的孕婦）可能特別容易受到甲醇的毒性作用。

In an effort to improve air quality and decrease dependence on petroleum, the federal government, industry, and other groups have encouraged development of alternative fuels such as methanol to substitute for gasoline or diesel fuel. Methanol is also a candidate to provide the hydrogen for fuel cells, which are being developed for a variety of power sources (including motor vehicle engines). Before people are exposed to increased concentrations of methanol, the potential health effects of such exposures require study. Methanol, a simple alcohol containing one carbon atom, occurs naturally in plants and animals and participates in human metabolism. People regularly consume low doses of methanol in fruits, vegetables, and fermented beverages as well as soft drinks and foods sweetened with aspartame (which breaks down to methanol in the gastrointestinal tract). Despite its ubiquitous presence, methanol can be highly toxic if sufficient quantities are consumed. Ingestion of methanol (usually in the form of wood alcohol or tainted alcoholic beverages) can result in metabolic acidosis, blindness, and even death. Although the body has the capacity to metabolize the low doses of methanol to which people are regularly exposed, it cannot handle high doses because too much methanol overwhelms the body’s ability to remove a toxic metabolite (formate). When formate accumulates, methanol poisoning occurs. One factor that regulates the rate at which formate is removed is the liver level of a derivative of the vitamin folic acid. People who are deficient in folic acid (including 15% to 30% of pregnant women) may be particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of methanol.

資料截圖

上一條：煤制氫電聯(lián)產(chǎn)CO2捕集發(fā)電技術(shù)Technologies for Coal based Hydrogen and Electricity Co-production Power Plants with

下一條：生殖和后代發(fā)育母親吸入后的影響非人類靈長類動物接觸甲醇Reproductive and Offspring Developmental

版權(quán)：如無特殊注明，文章轉(zhuǎn)載自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系cnmhg168#163.com刪除！文件均為網(wǎng)友上傳，僅供研究和學(xué)習(xí)使用，務(wù)必24小時內(nèi)刪除。