2015年是風(fēng)電行業(yè)和能源革命的輝煌一年，最終在12月達(dá)成了具有里程碑意義的巴黎協(xié)議。作為多邊主義的罕見勝利，186個(gè)國(guó)家的政府終于就我們需要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)達(dá)成一致，以便為子孫后代保護(hù)氣候?，F(xiàn)在的問題是，他們是否會(huì)在中短期內(nèi)采取行動(dòng)，讓我們達(dá)到目標(biāo)。有很多積極的信號(hào)：十年來的低化石燃料價(jià)格對(duì)風(fēng)能和太陽能的增長(zhǎng)沒有明顯的影響；金融穩(wěn)定委員會(huì)關(guān)于全球金融體系面臨的氣候相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的聲明；中國(guó)國(guó)家電網(wǎng)呼吁首先建立一個(gè)地區(qū)電網(wǎng)，然后建立一個(gè)全球電網(wǎng)，將清潔能源輸送到世界各地——一條新的絲綢之路；機(jī)構(gòu)投資者越來越多地從化石燃料中撤資；當(dāng)然，風(fēng)電和太陽能光伏的裝機(jī)水平迅速增長(zhǎng)，價(jià)格創(chuàng)下歷史新低。風(fēng)力發(fā)電又是一個(gè)破紀(jì)錄的年份。在2014年單年首次突破50千兆瓦大關(guān)之后，我們?cè)?015年達(dá)到了另一個(gè)里程碑，年裝機(jī)容量突破63千兆瓦，增長(zhǎng)了22%。據(jù)國(guó)際能源機(jī)構(gòu)（IEA）統(tǒng)計(jì)，截至去年年底，全球風(fēng)力發(fā)電總量約為433gw，累計(jì)增長(zhǎng)17%；2015年，風(fēng)力發(fā)電提供的新發(fā)電量超過任何其他技術(shù)。與往常一樣，中國(guó)以創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的30.8千兆瓦的新增裝機(jī)容量領(lǐng)跑全球，打破了此前中國(guó)在一年內(nèi)（2014年）創(chuàng)下的裝機(jī)容量紀(jì)錄。目前，中國(guó)的風(fēng)電裝機(jī)容量已超過145gw，超過歐盟所有國(guó)家；去年，中國(guó)是有史以來第一個(gè)在一年內(nèi)對(duì)可再生能源投資超過1000億美元的國(guó)家。在亞洲其他地區(qū)，印度是主要的市場(chǎng)，目前已超過西班牙，成為全球累計(jì)裝機(jī)容量的第四位排名，并在去年擁有第五大市場(chǎng)。巴基斯坦、菲律賓、越南、泰國(guó)、蒙古和現(xiàn)在的印度尼西亞都是市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)的成熟國(guó)家。在德國(guó)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的6千兆瓦裝機(jī)容量、超過2千兆瓦的海上風(fēng)電容量的支撐下，歐洲迎來了出人意料的好年景；美國(guó)市場(chǎng)第四季度表現(xiàn)出色，年底市場(chǎng)容量為8.6千兆瓦，遠(yuǎn)高于大多數(shù)人的預(yù)期。巴西、加拿大、墨西哥和南非也有很長(zhǎng)的年份，我們?cè)诩s旦、瓜地馬拉和塞爾維亞看到了第一個(gè)商業(yè)化的風(fēng)力發(fā)電場(chǎng)。或許最令人鼓舞的跡象是，在需要有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力、清潔和本土能源來促進(jìn)發(fā)展的推動(dòng)下，非洲、亞洲和拉丁美洲的新市場(chǎng)繼續(xù)擴(kuò)散。展望未來，我們看到一個(gè)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)的時(shí)期。亞洲將繼續(xù)領(lǐng)先，歐洲將穩(wěn)步朝著2020年的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)，盡管道路上可能會(huì)有一些坎坷。在北美洲，加拿大和美國(guó)似乎都準(zhǔn)備好進(jìn)行新一輪的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，而隨著墨西哥能源改革的逐步深入，我們應(yīng)該看到新自由化市場(chǎng)的快速發(fā)展時(shí)期。在拉丁美洲，巴西將繼續(xù)領(lǐng)先，盡管智利、秘魯、烏拉圭和現(xiàn)在的阿根廷將作出貢獻(xiàn)。在非洲和中東，除了市場(chǎng)領(lǐng)頭羊南非，摩洛哥和埃及似乎都準(zhǔn)備在未來五年實(shí)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)健增長(zhǎng)，肯尼亞、埃塞俄比亞和其他地方的較小市場(chǎng)也在移動(dòng)。總而言之，未來五年內(nèi)，風(fēng)力發(fā)電量將增長(zhǎng)近一倍。除氣候變化外，還有兩大趨勢(shì)對(duì)風(fēng)力發(fā)電業(yè)務(wù)產(chǎn)生了重大的積極影響：價(jià)格暴跌：盡管美國(guó)市場(chǎng)一段時(shí)間以來一直以極低的風(fēng)電價(jià)格為特征，巴西和南非的招標(biāo)系統(tǒng)在過去幾年中也產(chǎn)生了低價(jià)，我們最近在埃及、摩洛哥、秘魯和其他地方看到了大量的招標(biāo)結(jié)果，迄今為止，在美國(guó)平原國(guó)家以外的地區(qū)（40歐元/MWh或以下）的價(jià)格聞所未聞，在摩洛哥的情況下，低于30歐元/兆瓦時(shí)。這是新常態(tài)嗎？時(shí)間會(huì)證明一切的。美國(guó)市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定：美國(guó)作為全球風(fēng)電行業(yè)的先驅(qū)，同時(shí)擁有一些世界上最好的風(fēng)電資源，其價(jià)格在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)遠(yuǎn)低于經(jīng)合組織（OECD）的大多數(shù)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，但困難始終是美國(guó)市場(chǎng)的反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，由于它受到短期政策框架的制約，每隔幾年就留下政策空白，阻礙了行業(yè)的發(fā)展，因此12月份美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)通過了長(zhǎng)期延長(zhǎng)和逐步取消生產(chǎn)稅收抵免（PTC）的法案，這是一個(gè)非常受歡迎的消息，PTC一直是聯(lián)邦政府對(duì)風(fēng)能的主要政策支持。美國(guó)風(fēng)電行業(yè)目前正進(jìn)入有史以來最長(zhǎng)的政策穩(wěn)定期，5年后，美國(guó)風(fēng)電行業(yè)將是一支非常不同、更加強(qiáng)大的力量。本報(bào)告是全球風(fēng)能理事會(huì)發(fā)布的第11份全球風(fēng)能產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀年度報(bào)告。它及時(shí)地提供了全球工業(yè)的全面概述；一個(gè)工業(yè)目前分布在80多個(gè)國(guó)家，其中26個(gè)國(guó)家的裝機(jī)容量超過1千兆瓦，8個(gè)國(guó)家的裝機(jī)容量超過10千兆瓦。本報(bào)告所包含的信息——市場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)、概況和分析，主要是通過全球的GWEC成員協(xié)會(huì)和公司以及各國(guó)政府和獨(dú)立分析師收集的。我們感謝所有的貢獻(xiàn)者，并期待著在未來繼續(xù)我們的合作。

2015 was a stellar year for the wind industry and for  the energy revolution, culminating with the landmark  Paris Agreement in December. An all too rare triumph of  multilateralism, 186 governments have finally agreed on  where we need to get to in order to protect the climate  for future generations. Now the question is whether or  not they’re going to take the actions in the short and  medium term to get us there. There are a lot of positive signals: decadal low fossil fuel  prices have had no appreciable affect on the growth of  wind and solar; the Financial Stability Board’s pronouncements on the climate related risks to the global financial  system; China’s State Grid calling for first a regional and  then a global grid to transport clean energy around the  world – a new Silk Road; the growing divestment from  fossil fuels by institutional investors; and of course, the  rapidly growing installation levels and record low prices  of both wind power and solar PV. Wind power had yet another record-breaking year. After  passing the 50 GW mark for the first time in a single  year in 2014, we reached yet another milestone in 2015  as annual installations topped 63 GW, a 22% increase. By the end of last year, there were about 433 GW of  wind power spinning around the globe, a cumulative  17% increase; and wind power supplied more new power  generation than any other technology in 2015, according  to the IEA. China led the way, as usual, with a record 30.8 GW of new  installed capacity, breaking the previous record it had set  (in 2014) for installations in a single year. China now has  more than 145 GW of wind power installed, more than  in all of the European Union; and last year it was the  first country ever to invest more than USD 100 billion in  renewables in a single year.Elsewhere in Asia, India is the main story, which has now  surpassed Spain to move into 4th place in the global  cumulative installations ranking, and had the fifth largest  market last year. Pakistan, the Philippines, Viet Nam,  Thailand, Mongolia and now Indonesia are all ripe for  market growth. Europe had a surprisingly good year, led by Germany’s  record-setting 6 GW of installations, bolstered by more  than 2 GW of offshore wind; and the US market had a  remarkable 4th quarter, ending the year with an 8.6 GW  market, much higher than most had expected. Brazil, Canada, Mexico and South Africa also had strong  years, and we saw the first commercial wind farms in  Jordan, Guatemala and Serbia. Perhaps the most encouraging sign of all is the continued proliferation of new  markets across Africa, Asia and Latin America, spurred by  the need for competitive, clean, and indigenous energy  sources to fuel development. Looking ahead, we see a period of steady growth. Asia  will continue to lead, and Europe will move steadily  towards its 2020 targets, although there may be some  bumps in the road. In North America, both Canada and  the US seems poised for another round of growth, and as  Mexico’s energy reform gets bedded down we should be  looking at a period of rapid development in that newly  liberalized market. In Latin America, Brazil will continue to lead, although  Chile, Peru, Uruguay and now Argentina will make a contribution. In Africa and the Middle East, besides market  leader South Africa, both Morocco and Egypt seem poised  for solid growth in the next five years, and smaller markets  in Kenya, Ethiopia and elsewhere are moving. All told,  wind capacity should nearly double in the next five years.Other than climate, two other major trends are having a  major positive impact on the wind business: Cratering prices: while very low wind prices have  characterised the US market for some time, and the  Brazilian and South African tendering systems have also  generated low prices for the last several years, we have  recently seen a spate of tender results in Egypt, Morocco,  Peru and elsewhere at what up until now were unheard  of prices outside the US plains states – in the vicinity  of EUR 40/MWh or below, and in the case of Morocco,  below EUR 30/MWh. Is this the new normal? Time will  tell. US Market Stability: The United States, as a pioneer in  the global wind industry as well as having some of the  best wind resources in the world, has had much lower  prices than most of its OECD competitors for some time,  but the difficulty was always the on-again, off-again  nature of the US market, as it was subjected to short  term policy frameworks which left policy gaps every few  years and hampered the growth of the industry.So it was very welcome news in December when the  US Congress passed a long term extension and phase  out of the Production Tax Credit (PTC), which has been  the main federal policy support for wind energy. The US  wind industry now embarks on its longest-ever period of  policy stability, and five years from now the US industry  will be a very different and much stronger force. This report is the 11th annual report on the status of the  global wind industry by the Global Wind Energy Council. It provides a comprehensive overview of the global industry at a moment in time; an industry now present in more  than 80 countries, 26 of which have more than 1 GW  installed, and 8 with more than 10 GW. The information  contained in this report – market data, profiles and  analysis, have been collected primarily through GWEC’s  member associations and companies around the world,  as well as from governments and independent analysts. We thank all our contributors and look forward to continuing our collaboration in the future.