非常規(guī)油氣開發(fā)已經(jīng)徹底改變了全球能源市場，特別是在美國?？焖俚墓I(yè)擴(kuò)張?jiān)谏鐓^(qū)一級也產(chǎn)生了重大而廣泛的影響。本研究深入研究了賓夕法尼亞州、俄亥俄州、西弗吉尼亞州、北達(dá)科他州、蒙大拿州和科羅拉多州6個(gè)石油和天然氣生產(chǎn)州在K-12之前的教育影響，以了解最近資源繁榮對學(xué)生入學(xué)、教師、公共教育財(cái)政的好處和挑戰(zhàn)，以及學(xué)生成績指標(biāo)。從短期和長期來看，了解這種繁榮對公共教育的影響意義重大，這主要是因?yàn)樗鼈儗逃删汀⒒诼殬I(yè)的決策以及隨后對社區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康的潛在影響。一個(gè)混合方法設(shè)計(jì)，耦合差異統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和廣泛的訪談，揭示了一系列關(guān)鍵的見解跨州和州內(nèi)。大體上，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在美國東部和西部的學(xué)區(qū)之間，學(xué)生入學(xué)率、學(xué)生-教師比率以及每個(gè)學(xué)生的收入和支出的趨勢是不同的。與許多現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)相比，所有地區(qū)的訪談都報(bào)道了對輟學(xué)率增加的關(guān)注。金融不確定性帶來的壓力在所有繁榮地區(qū)也很嚴(yán)重和普遍。綜合起來，這一分析強(qiáng)調(diào)了混合方法方法的重要性，并警告不要在不同的繁榮地區(qū)過度概括影響。

Unconventional oil and gas development has revolutionized the global energy marketplace, particularly in the United States. Rapid industry expansion has also had significant and widespread impacts at the community level. This study provides an in-depth look at pre-K–12 educational impacts across six oil- and gas-producing states—Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, North Dakota, Montana, and Colorado—to understand the benefits and challenges of the recent resource booms on student enrollment, teachers, public education finances, and student achievement metrics. Understanding the effects of such booms on public education is significant in the short and long term, notably because of their potential influence on educational achievement, career-based decisionmaking, and subsequently, the economic health of a community. A mixed-methods design, coupling difference-in-difference statistical analysis with extensive interviews, reveals a series of key insights across and within states. Broadly, we find divergent trends in student enrollment, student-teacher ratios, and per pupil revenue and expenses between school districts in the eastern versus western United States. In contrast to much of the existing literature, interviews across all regions reported minimal concern with increased dropout rates. Stress from financial uncertainty was also acute and common across all boom districts. Taken together, this analysis underscores the importance of the mixed-methods approach and cautions against overgeneralization of effects across disparate boom regions.