資料簡介
隨著2015年初柴油和汽油改革的實(shí)施，印尼政府目前正將重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向液化石油氣（LPG）補(bǔ)貼。 今天印度尼西亞的液化石油氣補(bǔ)貼和其他化石燃料補(bǔ)貼一樣，在性質(zhì)上是倒退的。任何人都可以購買低成本的3公斤液化石油氣鋼瓶，因此更大比例的利益往往被購買力更強(qiáng)的高收入家庭所攫取。然而，有效設(shè)計(jì)和有針對(duì)性的液化石油氣補(bǔ)貼可以顯著提高液化石油氣補(bǔ)貼的績效，使其成為促進(jìn)低收入家庭清潔烹飪的有效政策工具。 這一轉(zhuǎn)變與許多其他國家類似，在這些國家，液化石油氣補(bǔ)貼和能源獲取之間的密切聯(lián)系使得改革政策的中心是更好地確定援助目標(biāo)，以確保低收入家庭在液化石油氣價(jià)格上漲后能夠繼續(xù)獲得現(xiàn)代清潔能源。 本報(bào)告調(diào)查了如何改革液化石油氣補(bǔ)貼的國際經(jīng)驗(yàn)和最佳做法，重點(diǎn)是各國努力確保能源供應(yīng)不受液化石油氣價(jià)格上漲的影響。
With diesel and gasoline reforms implemented in early 2015, the Government of Indonesia is now turning its focus toward liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) subsidies. LPG subsidies in Indonesia today, as with other fossil fuel subsidies, are regressive in nature. Anyone can buy low-cost 3-kg LPG cylinders, so a larger share of benefits tends to be captured by higherincome households, who have more buying power. However, effectively designed and targeted LPG subsidies could significantly improve the performance of LPG subsidies, making them an effective policy tool for the promotion of clean cooking among low-income households. This transition is similar to many other countries, where the close links between LPG subsidies and energy access have seen reform policies centre on better targeting of assistance, to ensure that lowincome households can continue to access modern, clean forms of energy once LPG prices increase. This report investigates international experience and best practice on how to reform LPG subsidies, with a focus on countries’ efforts to ensure that energy access is not compromised by higher LPG prices.
資料截圖
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