首頁 > 資料下載 > 歐盟煤炭地區(qū)：機遇與挑戰(zhàn)EU coal regions: opportunities and challenges ahead

歐盟煤炭地區(qū)：機遇與挑戰(zhàn)EU coal regions: opportunities and challenges ahead

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更新時間：2021-09-16
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資料簡介

煤炭歷來是歐洲經(jīng)濟的主要燃料之一。如今，它占歐盟內(nèi)陸能源消費總量的16%，占發(fā)電總量的24%。歐盟各成員國的使用情況各不相同，但仍有6個國家依賴煤炭來滿足至少20%的能源需求。然而，作為能源系統(tǒng)不斷轉(zhuǎn)型的一部分，煤炭的作用正在減弱。減少溫室氣體排放的需要已導致可再生能源所占份額不斷增加；由于2020年后排放要求嚴格、二氧化碳排放補貼價格高，以及可能對未來運力薪酬機制的煤炭資格加以限制，煤炭發(fā)電受到積極勸阻。然而，經(jīng)常被忽視的是，煤炭行業(yè)持續(xù)萎縮對擁有硬煤和褐煤開采活動以及燃煤電廠的地區(qū)就業(yè)和經(jīng)濟的潛在負面影響。因此，需要及早采取行動，開發(fā)替代性商業(yè)機會，以維持或增加區(qū)域就業(yè)和支持經(jīng)濟增長。

Coal has historically been one of the European economy’s main fuels. Today, it accounts for 16% of gross inland energy consumption in the EU, and 24% of the power generation mix. Usage varies across EU Member States, but six countries still rely on coal to meet at least 20% of their energy demand. The role of coal is, however, decreasing, as part of the ongoing transformation of the energy system. The need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has led to an increasing share for renewables; and coal power generation is actively discouraged with stringent post-2020 emission requirements, high CO2 emission allowance prices, and likely restrictions on coal eligibility for future capacity remuneration mechanisms. Frequently overlooked, however, are the potential negative impacts of the ongoing shrinkage of the coal sector on employment and the economy in regions hosting hard coal and lignite mining activities and coal-fired power plants. Early action therefore needs to be taken to develop alternative business opportunities to maintain or increase regional employment and support economic growth.

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