首頁(yè) > 資料下載 > 波蘭煤炭行業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型The Transformation of the Polish Coal Sector

波蘭煤炭行業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型The Transformation of the Polish Coal Sector

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更新時(shí)間：2021-09-16
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波蘭煤礦部門(mén)的重組與1989年開(kāi)始的一般政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)改革直接相關(guān)。關(guān)閉利潤(rùn)最低的煤礦、減少煤炭產(chǎn)量和該行業(yè)的勞動(dòng)力規(guī)模，是這一過(guò)程中相對(duì)成功的部分，特別是在最初的十年。主要的失敗是，盡管進(jìn)行了多次債務(wù)調(diào)整，但該行業(yè)仍然缺乏盈利能力。在這一時(shí)期被廣泛認(rèn)為是最成功的工具（采礦社會(huì)一攬子計(jì)劃）并沒(méi)有防止巨大的社會(huì)成本，主要是前礦工的不活動(dòng)或失業(yè)。盡管礦區(qū)恢復(fù)了相對(duì)繁榮，但選定的當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)仍然遭受失業(yè)、貧困或社會(huì)排斥的痛苦。

The restructuring of the coal mining sector in Poland is directly linked with the general political and economic reforms that started in 1989. The closing of the least profitable collieries, reduction of coal production and the size of the workforce in the sector were relatively successful parts of this process, especially during its first decade. The main failure was the sector’s continued lack of profitability, despite numerous debt adjustments. The instrument which is widely recognized as the most successful during that period (the Mining Social Package) did not prevent substantial social costs, mostly inactivity or unemployment among former miners. Although the mining regions regained a relative prosperity, selected local communities still suffer from unemployment, poverty or social exclusion.

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