首頁 > 資料下載 > 亞太經(jīng)合組織提高燃煤發(fā)電效率創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)方法專家研討會(huì)(2015年)APEC Expert Workshop on Innovative Systemic Approaches to Enhance Co

亞太經(jīng)合組織提高燃煤發(fā)電效率創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)方法專家研討會(huì)(2015年)APEC Expert Workshop on Innovative Systemic Approaches to Enhance Co

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燃煤電廠的全球平均凈效率低于35%;然而，隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，燃煤電廠采用超超臨界蒸汽(USC)循環(huán)，在完全的環(huán)境控制下，可達(dá)到45%左右(平均耗煤量約為280克/千瓦時(shí))。從這個(gè)角度來看，2012年中國——世界上最大的煤炭消費(fèi)國——的平均煤炭消耗量為326克/千瓦時(shí)，而且要低得多。，比其他亞太經(jīng)合組織發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟(jì)體更有效率。十多年來，中國一直在安裝最先進(jìn)的燃煤電廠，其中包括許多南加州大學(xué)的燃煤電廠，而其他經(jīng)濟(jì)體目前才剛剛開始安裝。如果全球燃煤發(fā)電的平均凈效率能提高到45%，二氧化碳的排放量就能從1200 gCO2/kWh減少到780 gCO2/kWh，減少36%。此外，采用先進(jìn)的USC蒸汽條件的新工廠設(shè)計(jì)——使用新的高溫額定(>700℃)金屬使之成為可能——凈效率可超過49%。

The global average net efficiency of coal-fired power plants is below 35%; however, technological advances have enabled coal-fired power plants deploying ultra-supercritical steam (USC) cycles with full environmental controls to achieve up to around 45% (with a resulting average coal consumption of about 280 g/kWh). To put this in perspective, the average coal consumption in China –the world’s largest consumer of coal –was 326 g/kWh in 2012, and was substantially lower (i.e., more efficient) than in other developing APEC economies. China’s level has been achieved after a more than decade of installing state-of-the-art coal-fired power plants, including many USC units, which is just now happening in other economies. If the global average net efficiency of coal-fired power generation can improve to 45%,CO2emissions can be reduced from 1200 gCO2/kWh to 780 gCO2/kWh –a 36% reduction. Also, new plant designs using advanced USC steam conditions –made possible by using new higher temperature-rated (>700oC) metals, can exceed 49% net efficiency.

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