The phase-transition point temperature and microstructure of CuAlBi alloy were analysed by DSC, metallographic examination, XRD and SEM/EDS, and the effect of heat treatment on microstructure of CuAlBi alloy was also discussed. The results show that the phase-transition point temperature of CuAlBi alloy is 561.7℃, and heat treatment can change the microstructure of CuAlBi alloy. As a result, it can offer the theoretical basis to choose the optimizing microstructure of CuAlBi alloy.