Grain analyzer, t urbidimeter, Zeta potential instrument and microscope with Panansonic CCD are used to analyse the distribution of the bentonite grain, test the Zeta potential of bentonite and observe the structure of flocs. Through the comparison among chitosan, PAM, and aluminum salt, it can be inferred that the flocculation mechanism of chitosan is something like interpartical bridging of PAM rather than the electrical neutralization by prositive charge.