Andalusite material and Andalusite-based refractory are very popular in Europe and Japan, but its applications are restrained because of its low quality and misunderstanding in China. The paper introduced in detail the characteristics of andalusite material and andalusite-based refractory based on the authors' research work in recent years and on some references. Some information is illustrated clearly by figures and microstructure photographs. It is concluded the property of raw material and refractory is not determined by alumina content but by type and quantity of the impurities and microstructure. Mullitisation provide andalusite-based refractories more excellent macro and micro properties that guarantee its popular application.