Mesostructured Co3O4-CeO2 composite was found to be an effective catalytic material for the complete oxidation of benzene.The Co3O4-CeO2 catalysts with different Co/Ce ratios (mol/mol) were prepared via the nanocasting method and the mesostructure was replicated from two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal SBA-15 and three-dimensional (3D) cubic KIT-6 silicas,respectively.All the obtained Co3O4-CeO2 catalysts exhibited the similar symmetry with the parent silicas and well ordered mesostructures.The Co3O4-CeO2 catalysts with 2D mesostructure showed lower catalytic activities than the corresponding 3D materials.The Co3O4-CeO2 catalyst nanocasted from KIT-6 and with the Co/Ce ratio of 16/1 possessed the best catalytic benzene oxidation activity due to larger quantities of surface hydroxyl groups and surface oxygenated species.The mesostructured Co3O4-CeO2 material thus shows great potential as a promising eco-environmental catalyst for benzene effective elimination.