The oxidation behavior (isothermal and cyclic oxidation) of cast superalloy K38G and the effect of Ce+ ion implantation with dose of 1×1017 ions/cm2 upon its oxidation resistance at 900 and 1000 ℃ in air were investigated. Meanwhile, the influence of Ce+ implantation on oxidation behavior of K38G with pre-oxide scale at 1000 ℃ in air was compared. The pre-oxidation was performed at 1000 ℃ in static air for 0.25 and 1.5 h, respectively. It is shown that the homogeneous external mixture oxide of rutile TiO2+Cr2O3 and non-continuous internal oxide of Al2O3 are formed during the oxidation procedure in all the cases. The isothermal oxidation resistance and the cracking or spallation resistance of superalloy K38G implanted with Ce+ by both of the two different implantation ways are not improved notably. This may be attributed to the mixed oxide composition characteristics and the blocking effect differences of Ce+ segregation along the oxide grain boundaries on the transport process for different diffusing ions.