The essential oil of Schisandra Chinensis(Turc z.) Baill was extracted and analyzed. The essential oil was obtained in a 1.8%(mL/100 g material) yield. Forty eight compounds were isolated and characterized from the oil. The results show that the content(20.42%) of β-pinene of naturally essential oil is the highest among the components of the oil, which has laid a foundation for the futher development and application of the stems of Schisandra Chinensis(Turc z.) Baill.